Mongolian Geography
Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, is located in Northeast Asia as a landlocked country. Also Mongolia is the world’s 19th largest country, bordered by 2 countries – Russia and China. With an area of 1.5 million square kilometers, the land shape on the map looks like roughly oval. In addition, Mongolia has one of the lowest average population densities of any country in the world with 3 million.
Due to the four seasons and the harsh climate, Mongolians can be said to be able to withstand severe cold and healthy. Proof of this is the fact that Mongolia is ranked in the list of TOP countries with the highest numbers of Olympic Medals per capita.
Physical Features
Our country has a vast area of high mountains, forests, vast steppes and the Gobi Desert. Gladly to say that locals use ecologically clean meat and milk because millions of animals can graze in this vast area.
Due to its location on the plateau of Central Asia, we use fresh natural water. Practically, the rivers originate here and flow out. Moreover, 3/4 of Mongolia’s land consists of pasturelands, which support the immense herds of grazing livestock. The remaining area is about equally divided between forests and barren deserts, with only a tiny fraction of the land under crops.
The Mountains
There are three major mountain chains in Mongolia
The Mongolian Altai Mountains, the Khangai Mountains, and the Khentii Mountains. Truly, the Mongolian Altai in the west and southwest constitute the highest and the longest of these chains. Furthermore, the Khuiten Peak at the height of over 4.374 meters forms the highest summit, with other peaks of Nairamdal 4.180m, Bürged 4.068m, Malchin 4.050m, Olgii 4.050m as chains of Altai Tavan Bogd Mountains.
Rivers and Lakes
Water
There are 3,811 rivers and streams with a total length of 67,000 km, more than 3,500 lakes with a volume of 500 m³, about 7,000 springs. Also more than 190 glaciers with an area of 540 m², more than 250 mineral springs and 139 groundwater deposits are in Mongolia. Ulaanbaatar is one of only two capitals in the world to have a spa within the city.
Therefore, Mongolian rivers flows out to three different basins. They are the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Central Asian Basin. Orkhon is the longest river in Mongolia (1124 km). The highest water level is the Selenge River. The average annual flow is 300 m3 / sec. The largest glacier in Mongolia is the Potanin Glacier in Altai Tavan Bogd, which is about 20 km long. The largest lake is Uvs (3350 km²) and the deepest lake is Khuvsgul (238 m).
The Gobi Desert
The Gobi region in the southern part of the country consists of a total of 33 Gobi deserts.
In fact, the largest of these is the Galbyn Gobi. Moreover, the Galbyn Gobi covers the territory of Khanbogd soum of Umnugovi province with an area of 70,000 square kilometers. Also it is 200 kilometers long and more than 50 kilometers wide, and covers. Also Galbyn is famous for its reddish-brown camels. Many locals call them “elegant red camels”.
The Gobi Desert’s attractions are top destinations for Mongolian tourists, both today and in the future.
